Glossary - M

Manic Depression

A Manic depressive illness is a mental disorder characterized by disturbances of moods, including depression, mania (unipolar) or a swing between the two states (bipolar disorder). In the manic state, the individual is excessively elated, agitated and hyperactive and has accelerated thinking and speaking. In the manic phase, overactivity may be due largely to extra amounts of the neurochemical dopamine in parts of the brain. Depression is more common than mania, affecting about one in ten men and one in five women at some time in their lives. Mania (unipolar or bipolar) affects only about eight per 1,000 people, men and women equally. More than 80 percent of patients recover from this disorder.

Mucolipidosis I

Mucolipidosis I, also known as lipomucopolysaccharidosis, pseudo-Hurler, GAL plus disease or neuramidase deficiency. Both sexes are affected by this disease and it is present from birth. Symptoms of the disease consist of moderate progressive mental retardation and skeletal abnormalities typical of dysostosis multiplex. The etiology of this disease is unknown; familial or sporadic. There is storage of both adenylsuccinic acids (AMPS) and glycolipids in lysosomes. There is also neuramidase deficiency. Diagnostic procedures include moderate mucopolysachariduria in the urine; a fibroblast culture; inclusion bodies periodic acid-Schiff and sudan black positive, which stain metachromatically with toluidine blue after chloroform methanol treatment. The therapy for this condition is orthopedic. The prognosis for this disease is poor. Degenerative neuropathy, muscle wasting, hypotonic choreoathetoid movements.

 

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